Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. ____36____ You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” ____37____ Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.
At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. ____38____
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. ____39____ That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this — it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.
It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is it’s true. ____40____ We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.
选项(7 个,其中 2 个多余)
A.A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B.Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C.They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D.It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E.It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F.Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G.Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. ____36____ You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” ____37____ Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.
At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. ____38____
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. ____39____That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this — it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.
It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is it’s true. ____40____ We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.
衔接词=前后句里起衔接作用的词或短语。它要么指代前句中某个信息(this、that、these people、this book),要么表明上下句的逻辑关系(so、but、however、even、moreover)。 标红的原则:只标这一篇真正用得上的那个词——句内用的不算:本句里的 and、举例用的 such as、定语从句的 that,都不标;跟这五个空无关的句子里也不标。
② 情况一前后句有衔接词——衔接词定方向,再用前后句的语义确认。这一空是指代衔接词(后句 do this 里的 this)。
前句Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human.
后句You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
关键信息词don’t beat yourself up(别没完没了地自责)help you do this(帮你做到这件事)show yourself some forgiveness(对自己宽容一点)前句把「负责」和「别自责」摆成对照,后句说下面的写作练习能帮你 do this——两句在等一件做得到的事:原谅自己。
③-2 锁定再看 this 指代什么:它得是一件做得到的事,后句的写作练习才对得上。D 的 It’s just as important 先接住前句那个对照——负责重要,原谅自己也一样重要,show yourself some forgiveness 是个动作,do this 有东西可指;A 说的是「大有帮助」,是在讲效果,不是一件去做的事,放在这里 this 没有着落。因此,选 D。
选定D · It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
④ 补段义第1段:为错误负责是对的,但同样重要的是原谅自己
⑤ 全文排除
条件1 现在清楚全文的主题了吗?
答:清楚,全文讲的是自我原谅的四步写作练习。注:如果还不清楚,就不要做排除的判断。
条件2 剩下的选项里有没有哪个在全篇找不到位置?
答:选项 A 跟 D 抢同一个位置,可 A 是名词短语(a little self-forgiveness),后句的 do this 要的是一个动作,对不上;also 也要求前文说过另一件「很有用」的事,前句没有;其余三个空分别落在列特质、写下来、错误不是固定标签上,也都对不上它。因此,选项 A 被排除,从下一空起不再进选项。
② 情况一前后句有衔接词——衔接词定方向,再用前后句的语义确认。这一空是指代衔接词(后句 They)。
前句In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.”
后句Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.
关键信息词Personal strengths(个人优点)Are you caring? Creative?(你体贴吗?有创意吗?)characteristics you like about yourself(你喜欢自己的哪些特质)前句让写下「个人优点」这个标题,后句是一串品质问句、接着说 They 不必惊天动地——两句在谈同一件事:列出一组性格特质。
③ 如何判断?前句在谈先写下「个人优点」这个标题;后句是一串品质问句,接着说 They don’t have to be world-changing——They 要指代中间空的句子里刚摆出来的一组东西,后面又说「就是你性格里让你自豪的那些方面」。所以中间空的句子一定让人列出一组特质。剩下的 5 项里,只有 B 是这件事:characteristics 是复数名词,正好当后句 They 的指代对象,也与标题 Personal strengths 是同一件事,Now 又接住前句「写下标题」这个动作;C、E、F、G 都不是让人列清单的话。因此,选 B。
选定B · Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
④ 补段义第2步:写下你喜欢自己的那些特质
⑤ 全文排除
条件1 现在清楚全文的主题了吗?
答:清楚,全文讲的是自我原谅的四步写作练习。注:如果还不清楚,就不要做排除的判断。
条件2 剩下的选项里有没有哪个在全篇找不到位置?
答:选项 E 的 It 要指代前句刚说过的一件事,想补的是「这不等于让你无视发生过的事」这个转折;可本篇从头到尾没往「原谅不等于无视」这个方向说,五个空当中也没有哪个空的前句在讲原谅,指代落空。因此,选项 E 被排除,从下一空起不再进选项。
② 情况一前后句有衔接词——衔接词定方向,再用前后句的语义确认。这一空是指代衔接词(后句 That way)。
前句You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list.
后句That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through.
关键信息词ask a friend or family member to help add to your list(请亲友帮你补充清单)That way(这样)have a go at doing the exercise(也来试着做一做)前句说可以请亲友帮你补充清单,后句说「这样」你们就能交流彼此特别的地方——两句在等一件做法:他们也来做一做。
③ 如何判断?前句在谈可以请朋友或家人帮你补充清单;后句说「这样」你们就能交流彼此特别的地方——That way 要指代中间空的句子里刚说的一件做法。所以中间空的句子得是一件做法。剩下的 3 项里,只有 C 是:They 指代前句的 a friend or family member,have a go at doing the exercise 正是一件做法,后句的 That way 指的就是它;F 是「再小也写下来」的总结句,属于上一段段末,G 讲错误不是固定标签,是最后一段的事。因此,选 C。
选定C · They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
前句It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is it’s true.
后句We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.
关键信息词learn not from their successes but their mistakes(从错误里学习)changing and learning all the time(一直在变化、在学习)isn’t a fixed aspect(不是固定标签)前句说人是从错误而不是成功里学习的,后句说我们一直在变化、错误是成长的方式——两句在谈同一件事:错误不等于你这个人的固定标签。
③ 如何判断?前句在谈人是从错误而不是成功里学习的,这话老套但没错;后句说我们一直在变化、一直在学习,错误是成长的方式。中间缺的是把「错误不等于你这个人的固定标签」说出来的一句。剩下的 2 项里,只有 G 说的是这个:mistake 承接前句,not a fixed aspect 与后句的 changing and learning all the time 是同一个意思的正反两面;F 是「再小也写下来」的总结句,是上一段段末那句。因此,选 G。
选定G · Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
前句On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day.
后句(本段到此结束,下段转入请亲友一起做)
关键信息词all the positive things you’ve done for others(为别人做过的好事)no matter how small(再小)write it down(写下来)前句列举了三件很小的事,本段到此为止——要一句把这些收住的话。
③ 如何判断?前句在谈三件很小的事——帮朋友写作业、没人要求就主动熨衣服、家人累了烤饼干;空在本段最后一句,要把这三件收住:再小也值得记下来。剩下的选项只剩 F:Whatever it is 用 it 指代前句那三件小事,no matter how small it might seem 点出它们都很小,write it down 收住「记下来」这个动作。因此,选 F。
选定F · Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
④ 补段义第3步:写下你为别人做过的善事,再小也记下来——五段段义到此齐了
第五步 · 收尾 —— 段义、答案、剩下那 2 项
5 段段义(解题过程中一句句补出来的)
段
这段在干什么
第1段
第1段:为错误负责是对的,但同样重要的是原谅自己
第2段
第2步:写下你喜欢自己的那些特质
第3段
第3步:写下你为别人做过的善事,再小也记下来
第4段
第4步:也可以请亲友一起做,交流各自闪光的地方
第5段
第5段:人是从错误里学习的,错误不是固定标签
答案速查(按题号)
空
类型
正确项
36
段中
It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
37
段中
Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
38
段末
Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
39
段中
They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
40
段中
Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
回顾:那 2 项为什么进不去
项
选项
为何排除
A
A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
它跟第 36 空的 D 抢同一个位置:also 要前文先说过另一件「很有用」的事,前句没有;而且它是名词短语,后句的 do this 要的是一个动作,对不上。剩下的空分别落在列特质、写下来、请亲友一起做、错误不是固定标签上,都对不上它。
E
It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
它的 It 要指代前句刚说过的一件事,想补的是「原谅不等于无视」这个转折;可本篇从头到尾没往这个方向说,五个空当中也没有哪个空的前句在讲原谅,指代落空。